The Three States Of Matter
Sharon R. West                 Edward Hurley
                               3849 West 69th Place
                               Chicago IL 60629
                               (312) 535-2068
Objectives:
Primary Level
1. Define matter
2. Identify and compare solids, liquids, and gases
3. Identify some properties of matter
Materials:
    -two laundry bags       -variety of solids (toy, tools, school supplies)
    -butter                 -variety of liquids (water, pop, juice, syrup)
    -sugar                  -variety of gases (big balloons, little balloons)
    -milk                   -balls
    -cocoa                  -salt
    -vanilla                -peanut butter
    -quick oats             -wax paper
    -hot plate              -large plastic rectangular container
    -cup                    -paper towels
    -colored chalk          -spoons
    -measuring cups         -measuring spoons
    -flask                  -cylinder container
    -clear vases            -clear containers to pour liquids in
  
                                 TABLE 1
                                                     Has       Has No
Take Up    Has      Has Shape     Takes Shape of  Definite    Definite         
 Space   Weight     of Its Own    Its Container    Volume      Volume
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
solid     solid       solid                        solid
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
liquid    liquid                   liquid (takes   liquid
                                   the shape of
                                   that part of
                                   the container
                                   which it fills)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
gas       gas                      gas (takes                  gas (fills
                                   the shape of                any con-
                                   the container               tainer in
                                   that holds                  which it
                                   it)                         is put)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Strategy:
 1. Introduce the three states of matter
 2. Start with a grab bag.  Let everyone take an item out of the bag of
    solid objects.
 3. Describe solid objects and talk about color, shape, size, weight,
    space, and what is it used for.
 4. Fill in Table 1 with the children as you are doing the exercise.
 5. Ask the class what is left in the bag after everything is taken out.
 6. AIR! pass out objects with air in them, such as balloons, and balls.
 7. What is air?  It is a gas. 
 8. Talk about what gas does.  Use Table 1.
 9. Fill a clear container with water and take a cup stuffed with a 
    paper towel in the bottom.  Push the cup straight down in the water.
10. Does the towel get wet?  No!  Why?
11. What is the water in the container?  Liquid.
12. Use Table 1 to discuss what a liquid does.
13. Tell the children that solids, liquids, and gases are the three 
    states of matter.
14. Which one of these couldn't I have an example of and why?
15. Just say, there is another form of matter that we do not talk about
    much, it is a gas called plasma.
16. Make cookies.  Ask how many solids, liquids, and gases are in the 
    recipe.
17. Use a bar graph and chart the information.
18. After you have made the cookies evaluate and see if the children
    can name all the states of matter.
19. Recipe for the cookies are as follows:
 
                              No Bake Cookies
      
          one half cup of butter
          two cups of sugar
          one half cup of milk
          two tablespoons of cocoa
          one fourth teaspoon of salt
          Bring this to a full boil and remove from the heat.
          add one half cup of peanut butter while it is still
          hot, also add one fourth teaspoon vanilla flavor, and
          three cups of Quick Oats.  Use a tablespoon and spoon
          the cookies onto wax paper.
20. Serve the cookies with juice or milk.
Note* Bring in enough solids for every child to have one.
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